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Learn to Avoid Verb Form Errors

Verb form errors occur when writers fail to use the finite (time-included) and nonfinite (timeless) forms of verbs in correct combination. The nonfinite forms are the verbals: the base form, the past participle, and the present participle. Errors include incorrect formation of simple present verbs (e.g., using an auxiliary where none is needed); incorrect formation of negative verbs, question forms, and verb phrases with modals; faulty formation of passive, conditional, and subjunctive forms; use of incorrectly formed verbals; use of incorrect verbals after causative verbs and verbs of perception; and incorrect choice of an infinitive or gerund.

While verb form errors are a separate category from verb tense errors, they reflect limited mastery of the verb tense system and of the various uses of verbals.

Verb form errors can be easily avoided by learning the rules that govern verb phrase formation and the special uses of the nonfinite forms. In all verb phrases, the most basic rule to follow is FINITE FORM +NONFINITE FORM.       • The auxiliary verb (AUX) is the finite form; it shows time (past, present, or future).          The auxiliary verb is also called a helping verb.       • The main verb is the nonfinite form. It shows aspect: completed or continuing action, or           state of the verb (e.g., passive).

The information and activities on the pages that follow will help you learn to edit for correct forms of verbs and form and use of verbals. Select a verb form topic from the table below or work your way through all of the pages.